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How returns actually work

A property pays in two currencies: cash you can spend, and value you cannot reach until you sell. Confusing them is the most expensive habit in property investing.

5 minute read

Two engines, only one of which pays out

Rent can produce cash, paid on the asset’s disclosed schedule. Appreciation is an estimate that the building is worth more than before; it remains unrealised until a sale and may never be achieved at the stated valuation. Move the slider and switch lenses to see how the balance shifts with time.

Rental income

₦1.25M

Cash generated in this illustration and assumed to be reinvested. Tenants pay the asset company, costs are settled, and any approved balance is credited on the asset’s schedule. On ₦1.00M that begins at roughly ₦10,000.00 a month and rises as distributions are put back to work.

44% of the total return

Appreciation

₦1.57M

An estimate, not an executable price. Nothing is credited until the asset is sold or you complete an available exit, and the realised price may be lower. Valuations fall as readily as they rise.

56% of the total return

Illustrative only, on a hypothetical 12% annual rental yield and 16% annual appreciation, with monthly distributions reinvested. It excludes tax, currency movements, sale costs, vacancies and adverse events. It is not a Shard asset, forecast or guarantee.

Follow the money

What tenants pay is not what you receive

Gross rent is the number on the lease. It is never the number that reaches an investor. Management, statutory charges, insurance and a reserve against repairs and voids are settled first, then the platform fee. What survives is divided by shareholding.

Gross rent collectedThe number on the lease, before anything is settled₦120.00M
Property managementAgents, leasing, tenant handling₦9.60M
Taxes & leviesLand use charge and statutory levies₦6.00M
InsuranceBuilding and liability₦2.40M
Maintenance reserveHeld back for repairs and vacancy₦7.20M
Shard platform fee1.5% of net operating income₦1.42M
Distributed to shareholdersAllocated under the asset documents on its stated schedule₦93.38M

Illustrative annual figures for a single commercial asset. Actual costs vary by property and are set out in each asset’s offering documents. This illustration uses the currently displayed 1.5% platform fee; the fee disclosed for the asset and confirmed before purchase controls.

Rental income

Where distributable cash comes from

Rent collected for the asset is reconciled. Operating costs are met, reserves may be retained, and any approved distributable balance is allocated under the offering documents on the stated schedule.

Which is why occupancy matters more to your income than valuation does. A fully valued building with no tenant in it pays nothing at all.

A finance professional reviewing property income and expenses
Occupancy is what turns a building into an income stream
Commercial towers in daylight
Unrealised until the asset is sold or the position is exited
Appreciation

Why value growth is not income

A revaluation raises the estimated value shown for your holding. It puts nothing into your account and is not a price at which you can necessarily sell. Any gain remains unrealised until an exit, and it can reverse.

It belongs in a total return figure because it is real. It does not belong in a budget.

Compounding

Reinvesting, and the minimum that limits it

The projections here assume distributions are reinvested, which is what bends the line upward instead of running it straight. In practice reinvestment is neither automatic nor continuous. Every asset carries a minimum subscription, so distributions accumulate as cash until they clear one.

Read the projection for its shape rather than its precision, and treat compounding as the favourable case rather than the default one.

Property income and expense figures under review
Every asset carries a minimum subscription

Every figure here is an assumption

The rates behind these illustrations are hypothetical and do not represent a Shard asset or historical result. They are not a forecast and do not show vacancy, tax, currency movements, sale costs or a downside case. Each asset’s offering documents are the authority on its economics.

Past performance does not guarantee future results. Property investments can fall in value and income can stop. See Risks & liquidity before investing.